LLM Reference
Concepts & capability filters
agentsintermediate

Agentic loop

The agentic loop is the repeating cycle at the heart of every autonomous AI system: model → tool call → result → model → tool call → result → … until the model produces a final answer or the harness stops it.

Category
agents
Difficulty
intermediate
Aliases
None tracked
Last reviewed
2026-04-21

Key facts

  • On each iteration, the harness sends the model its current context, the model responds either with a tool call or a final message, the harness executes any tool call and feeds the result back into context, and the loop continues.
  • This loop is what distinguishes agentic systems from simple chat.
  • A chat completion is one turn — prompt in, response out.
  • An agentic loop lets the model gather evidence, act, observe the effect, and revise its plan, turn after turn.
  • It is how an AI actually does things — edits files, runs tests, searches, deploys — rather than just describing what it would do.
  • Key design questions around the loop include: how many iterations to allow before escalating, how to compact context as history grows, how to detect when the model is stuck in a tool-call loop, how to handle errors from tool results, and when to hand control back to a human.
  • Most harnesses expose configuration for all of these.
  • The loop is executed by the harness; the steps taken within the loop depend on the agent's role, mission, and scope; and the quality of each step depends on the model and the context it receives.

References & related pages