T5 Models by Google DeepMind
Last refreshed 2026-05-19. Next refresh: weekly.
Details
About
The T5 (Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer) family of large language models, developed by Google AI, signifies a notable leap forward in natural language processing (NLP) 5910. Departing from traditional models tailored for specific tasks, T5 employs a unified text-to-text framework that transforms all NLP problems into text-to-text tasks 5910. This framework allows for uniform utilization of the model, loss function, and hyperparameters across a spectrum of NLP tasks, such as machine translation, summarization, question answering, and classification 5910. Pre-training is executed on the expansive Colossal Clean Crawled Corpus (C4), ensuring access to an extensive range of high-quality text and code 5910. The T5 family comprises models of various sizes, accommodating different computational requirements, with larger models capable of delivering state-of-the-art performance on numerous NLP benchmarks 5910. Enhancements like instruction tuning in subsequent models, such as the Flan-T5 family, build upon the robust T5 architecture to further advance capabilities 10.
Decision facts
Current Variants
Use-when guidance is based on each model's tracked capabilities, context window, release date, and replacement status.
Use when the workload needs 512 context and 11B parameters.
Use when the workload needs 512 context and 3B parameters.
Use when the workload needs 512 context and 770M parameters.
Use when the workload needs 512 context and 220M parameters.
Use when the workload needs 512 context and 60M parameters.
| Model | Use when | Released | Signals | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T5 11B | Use when the workload needs 512 context and 11B parameters. | 2020-01 | 512 context11B parameters | Current |
| T5 3B | Use when the workload needs 512 context and 3B parameters. | 2020-01 | 512 context3B parameters | Current |
| T5 Large | Use when the workload needs 512 context and 770M parameters. | 2020-01 | 512 context770M parameters | Current |
| T5 Base | Use when the workload needs 512 context and 220M parameters. | 2020-01 | 512 context220M parameters | Current |
| T5 Small | Use when the workload needs 512 context and 60M parameters. | 2020-01 | 512 context60M parameters | Current |

